Taiz University Arts and Humanities Journal
مجلة الآداب للعلوم الإنسانية مجلة علمية مُحكَّمة تصدر عن كلية الآداب بجامعة تعز في اليمن، وهي مجلة متخصصة في نشر الدراسات والأبحاث العلمية الأصيلة في مجالات الآداب والعلوم الإنسانية والاجتماعية، وقد صدر أول عدد للمجلة في عام 2011م باسم -مجلة كلية الآداب -مجلة حولية محكمة-، واستمر الإصدار إلى العدد الخامس عام 2015م، وتوقفت المجلة بسبب ظروف الحرب، وتسعى المجلة، للصدور بشكل دوري، وبصيغة ورقية وإلكترونية، وتتطلع لتكون من المجلات العلمية الرائدة في تخصصها.
Place in Hussein Al Amar’s The Heavens Are Closer: A Phenomenological Study
This study presents a phenomenological reading of place in the poetry collection The Heavens Are Closer by Hussein Al Amar. It focuses on how place is experienced within poetic consciousness rather than as a mere geographical setting. The study explores the transformation of place from an external cosmic space into internal spaces connected to consciousness, language, and spirit, where states of anxiety, waiting, and existential tension emerge. The analysis is organized into two sections: the first examines the transformation of cosmic place into a threatening space and the formation of internal spaces related to memory and the body, as well as the sonic and spiritual dimensions of place. The second investigates the shift from external to internal space through psychological, linguistic, and spiritual dimensions where poetic experience intensifies. The study concludes that place in the collection does not function as a static descriptive framework but as a lived experience where cosmic, psychological, linguistic, and spiritual dimensions intersect. It also highlights the effectiveness of the phenomenological approach in revealing the existential dimensions of contemporary poetic experience.
The Poetic Imagery in Abdullah Al-Anzi’s Diwan "A Song for One Who Never Returns"
This study aims to examine poetic imagery through the poetry collection A Song for One Who Departs and Does Not Return by the poet Abdullah Al-Enzi, depending on the stylistic approach as the most appropriate methodology for the study of imagery. The study concludes that poetic imagery, in its various patterns and sources, constitutes a systematic artistic tool in shaping Al-Enzi’s poetic experience, as he employs multiple images to construct a single meaning. Furthermore, the sources of these images are closely connected to his personal experience, his awareness of reality and heritage, enabling him to evoke his inner psychological and emotional depths.
Alienation in the Poetry Collection "Niyaf" by Poetess Linah Al-Asiri (A Thematic and Artistic Analytical Study)
This study addresses the phenomenon of alienation as a central concept in the poetry collection "Niyaf" by the Saudi poetess Linah Al-Asiri. It stems from a main problematic centered on how this phenomenon is manifested in the poetic texts, the underlying psychological and social causes, and the artistic tools the poetess used to express the multifaceted experience of alienation. It aims to reveal how the collection reflects the crisis of the contemporary feminine self within the context of social and cultural transformations. The study relied on the analytical-descriptive approach, through reading and analyzing the poetic texts in light of psychological criticism (examining internal conflicts and self-alienation) and social criticism (connecting the texts to the societal context). Some mechanisms of formative structural criticism were also employed when needed, to achieve a kind of integration between form and content. The research consisted of an introduction outlining the study plan, and a preamble that addressed the concept of alienation in philosophy and literature, and its manifestation in modern Arabic poetry in general and in Saudi feminist poetry in particular. The first section revealed the objective manifestations of the alienation experience in the collection and its multiple dimensions, while the second section examined the expressive and artistic values used to express the dimensions of the experience through the artistic analysis of language, rhythm, and poetic imagery. The conclusion presented the most prominent findings and recommendations
تجليات الغياب في ديوان "شهيقٌ لملح الغائبين" للشاعرة بتول شومر: دراسة موضوعاتية أسلوبية
This study examines the manifestations of absence in the poetry collection "Shaheequn LiMilh Al-Gha'ibeen" by the poet Buthaina Shumr, considering absence as a central theme which supports the poetic experience of the collection with its connotations of loss, longing, and existential disorientation. The study's significance lies in its attempt to reveal how absence transforms from a personal emotional experience into a poetic structure where language, imagery, and symbolism intersect. In addition, it addresses a contemporary poetry collection that has not previously been studied in an independent critical analysis. The study aims to trace the levels of the presence of absence in the collection, uncover its semantic and aesthetic manifestations, and observe its impact on shaping language, imagery, and symbolism, in a way that highlights the relationship between the poet’s personal experience and her artistic framework. It also seeks to answer questions about the representation of absence, the stylistic mechanisms constructing it, and the images and symbols that contributing to its signification within the poetic text. The research adopts both the thematic and stylistic approachs: the thematic approach is employed to trace the value of absence in its various levels within the collection, while the stylistic approach is used to analyze the ways in which this value is aesthetically constructed through language, imagery, and expression. The study demonstrates that absence centrally structures the collection's emotional and linguistic structure. Poetic imagery leans toward extinguished nature, shadows, and incomplete motion, while the language of the collection is comprised from evocative words associated with darkness, fog, and effacement. The findings also reveal the poet's success in transforming the experience of loss into a cohesive poetic structure, whose meanings emerge through the interaction between subject matter and style.
Linguistic Displacements in Mastoura Al-Arabi’s Poetry Collection "Ma Antabadhtu Siwa Yaqeeni": A Stylistic Analysis
This study examines the poetry collection " Ma Antabadhtu Siwa Yaqeeni " by the poet Mastoura Al-Arabi from a stylistic perspective, seeking to uncover manifestations of linguistic displacements and their role in shaping the poetic discourse and constructing its signification. The study proceeds by tracing the relationships between linguistic structure and emotional experience, through an analysis of syntactic, phonetic, and rhythmic displacements in selected texts from the collection. The researcher employed the stylistic approach due to the analytical tools it provides for monitoring linguistic transformations and elucidating their aesthetic functions. The study concluded that linguistic displacements constitute a central stylistic feature in the collection, where techniques such as inversion, ellipsis, and shifting of address (iltifat) contributed to expressing the poet's psychological and existential state. The findings also revealed that the rhythm emanates from within the emotional experience, relying on repetition and phonetic diversity, granting the text its stylistic uniqueness and distinctive aesthetic appeal.
Sharifah bint Nasser Al-Shahrani Al-Shahrani
Semiotics of Religious Intertextuality in the Poetry Collection “The Face of Hagar” by Tahani Hassan Al-Subaih
This study examines the semiotics of religious intertextuality in the poetry collection Wajh Hājar (The Face of Hagar) by the Saudi poet Tahani Hassan Subaih, highlighting the presence of religious texts -particularly Qur’anic texts- in both their narrative and historical dimensions, and explaining how they contribute to the construction of meaning and the formation of the collection’s aesthetic structure. The study concludes that religious intertextuality constitutes a central in the collection, as it adds semantic depth and aesthetic richness to the poetic text, enables the creation of a dialogue between past and present, and endows the poetic experience with a spiritual dimension. The findings also demonstrate the poet’s ability to re-produce religious texts and integrate them into her personal experience, thereby generating new meanings
The Semiotics of Emotions: A Reading of the Poem "Sīrat al-Ashwāq" by the Poet Maha Al-Otaibi
This study examines the semiotics of emotions in the poem "Sīrat al-Ashwāq" (The Tale of Longing) by the poet Maha Al-Otaibi, tracing the linguistic and symbolic signs that generate emotional intensity within the text. The significance of this topic lies in the fact that emotion constitutes the core of the poetic experience; its semiotic analysis reveals the deep structure of discourse and demonstrates how scattered feelings are transformed into a coherent emotional system. The study is distinguished by its application of the semiotics of emotions to a contemporary poem by a Saudi poet, an area that has rarely been discussed in critical studies. The research problem centers on understanding how the central emotion—love and longing—is constructed within the text and how various secondary emotions branch from it. The study is guided by several key questions: What signs construct emotion in the poem? How are patterns of affect formed and transformed across the poetic segments? What role do language and imagery play in shaping emotional resonance?. Adopting an analytical semiotic approach, the study focuses on uncovering the emotional structure through verbal signs, poetic imagery, and rhythmic tensions. The findings reveal that the poem is structured around a central, blazing emotion—love—from which secondary emotions emerge, including nostalgia, yearning, hope, pain, and delight. These emotions intertwine within a unified emotional network. The study also identifies a clear emotional transformation that progresses from invocation to merging, from individual longing to universal yearning, and from moments of pain to emotional reconciliation.
Manifestations of the Self in the Diwan of Rawdah Al-Haj
This study examines the formations of the self in Roḍa Al-Hajj’s poetry collection Then I Turned to the Shadow, focusing on three main manifestations of the self: the sublime self, the frail self, and the hidden self. The study demonstrates how the ego within the poetic text oscillates between rupture and transcendence, loss and inner liberation, as well as pain and profound reflection. It also highlights the continuous interaction between the self and the other as a driving force shaping the experience of the self. Methodologically, the research adopts a descriptive–analytical approach, supported by a psychological perspective to interpret layers of consciousness and the unconscious, as well as the processes of psychological rupture and renewal. This approach allows for a deeper understanding of the structure and psychological dimensions of the self within the poetic text. The findings indicate that poetry is not merely a medium for conveying meaning; rather, it constitutes a comprehensive psychological space that enables the ego to confront pain, concealment, and revelation, and to cope with the effects of loss and inner conflicts. Thus, the poetic text becomes an existential journey that reveals the depth and complexity of the self. Keywords:
Intertextuality in the Diwan “Candles of the Candelabrum” by Falah Al-Otaibi: Manifestations and Functions
This study examines the phenomenon of religious intertextuality in "Shamou‘ al-Shamadan" by the poet Falah bin Murshid Al-Otaibi, considering it one of the most significant artistic mechanisms that contributes to the construction of the poetic experience in contemporary Saudi poetry. The study adopts a semiotic approach to discover the network of signs the poet draws from the Holy Qur’an, the Prophetic Hadith, biographies, and religious narratives, and to analyze their semantic and symbolic functions within the texts. The study reveals that the poet employs the Qur’anic stories as a deep symbolic reservoir; his evocation of prophetic figures—such as Job, Jacob, Joseph, and Moses—is not used as mere intellectual ornamentation, but rather as models of trial, deliverance, patience, and miracle. These figures become dense semiotic signs that encapsulate major human experiences, reshaping the poet’s personal suffering within a religious framework believing in hope and salvation. The poet also employs additional symbols, such as the Buraq and sacred places with their spiritual connotations, to construct an aesthetic space that balances a personal suffering with a skyline of transcendence. Through comparison with previous studies, the research demonstrates that its uniqueness lies in its deep focus on exploring the religious intertextuality, specially, within this collection, and in analyzing its artistic and intellectual functions such as semantic condensation, symbolic suggestion, and expanding the horizon of an interpretation. The study concludes that religious intertextuality has contributed to endowing the collection with a spiritual dimension, enhanced the richness of the poetic experience, and strengthened its connection to the reader’s cultural and religious memory.
Transformation of Tess into Myth in Thomas Hardy's novel Tess of the d'Urbervilles
This paper analyzes Thomas Hardy's incorporation and adaptation of classical Greco-Roman myths in his novel Tess of the D'Urbervilles. It examines how Hardy utilizes myths surrounding figures like Artemis, Demeter, Iphigenia, Eurydice, Penelope, and most importantly Persephone, the Queen of the Underworld to add depth and symbolism to the character of Tess and her journey. Through allusions and parallels to these myths, Hardy imbues Tess with mythic dimensions that connect her experiences to broader themes of fate, destiny, and the human condition throughout history. The research methodology utilized is a qualitative textual analysis, involving close reading of the primary text to identify mythical allusions, contextualization of referenced myths through secondary sources, comparison of literary and original mythical elements, and thematic analysis of symbolic elements and key themes. The paper identifies seven transformative processes through which Tess undergoes a symbolic transformation from an ordinary woman into a mythic figure. These include her portrayals as a suffering daughter of nature, as Persephone abducted by both Alec d'Urberville and Angel Clare, and as the sacrificed Iphigenia and Eurydice. Analysis of mythical references underscores Hardy's interest in using myth not just as ornamentation but to critically address crises of Victorian society through universal themes. By drawing parallels between Tess and mythic figures inhabiting the tragic tradition, Hardy invites readers to consider the timeless aspects of her experiences and mirrors her struggles in broader perspectives.
Intensive reading curriculum for non-Arabic speakers: An examination of the fourth-grade textbook of the (Alarabia baina yadaik) series
The research aims to study intensive reading texts for non-Arabic speakers, which include various texts in the fourth-grade of the series (Alarabia bayna yadayk) with the aim of achieving the goals of the reading skill, which is one of the most important skills in teaching Arabic to non-native speakers. In its introduction, the research deals with the general theoretical features of extensive reading texts, the approach to studying them, their distinctive features, and their suitability to students’ abilities and inclinations, identifying the most important educational methods that influence the delivery of a reading lesson. In doing so, the study uses the descriptive approach in reviewing and analyzing texts and revealing the impact of the educational content on students, the relationship between content and reading goals, and the suitability of content to the students’ proficiency level. The texts analyzes are sixteenextensive reading texts that make up the curriculum, as well as the book’s accompanying training activities. The results suugest that extensive reading texts are useful and have a significant impact on learning Arabic. Most of the intensive reading texts in the book are long, which is a burden on both teachers and students. Besides, some of the extensive reading texts were difficult, and some were not suitable for fourth-level students. It is therefore recommended that the reading texts suit the students’ abilities and inclinations. They should be diversified and selected carefully to represent real-like content. Modern technologies should also be employed.
The Sunnis’ intellectual confrontation of the Shiite expansion in the Islamic countries: The era of Abd al-Rahman al-Nasser in Andalusia as a model
When the Ubaidi state was established in North Africa at the end of the third century AH, Andalusia, which is separated from Morocco only by the Strait of Gibraltar, became at the top of the list of countries targeted by the Ubaidi rulers. The ruler of Andalusia at the time, Abdul Rahman Al-Nasser, confronted this threat at many levels. The intellectual confrontation, in particular, morphed into different measures, including anti-Obeidi propaganda, stalking the Obeidi ideology in Andalusia, supporting the Maliki school of thought at home and abroad, and taking care of works on Ifriqiya and its scholars.
Muhammad bin Ibrahim bin Saleh Aba Al-Khail
Efforts of Shaikh Abdurrahman bin Nasir As-Sa'di in the scholarly activity in Najd 1307-1376AH/1888-1957AD: A historical study
Shaikh Abdurrahman As-Sa'di is considered one of the most prominent scholars of the Arabian Peninsula and even the Islamic world during the 14th century AH/ 20th AD. The present study deals with the scholary activity of Shaikh Abdurrahman bin Nasir As-Sa'di in Najd during the period (1307-1376AH/1888-1957AD). The findings of the study suggest that Shaikh Sa'di had commendable efforts in reviving the scholarly activity in Najd through his method in writing which was unprecedented in his time, his scholarly efforts in clarifying matters of jurisprudence and religion to the public, and his efforts in the scholarly life through his writings, especially his writings on the Holy Qur'anic sciences, which are considered one of his most important scholarly contributions to writings.
Abdullah bin Hamoud Al-Turaiqi: His birth, childhood and life 1337- 1418 A.H / 1918- 1997 A.D Historical study
This study deals with phases in the life of the first Saudi oil minister Abdullah Al-Turaiqi, who is considered one of the first Arab oil experts, if not the first to specialize in the field of oil. After he earned a masters degree from a prestigious American university, he returned home to start his career and fulfilled many achievements that made a qualitative leap in the Saudi Arabia. Abdullah Al-Turaiqi grew up in Zulfi, and moved with his father to Kuwait due to his father's business affairs and then moved to India to work with a merchant for two years. Later, he moved to Egypt to finish his secondary and college education. Due to his Academic excellence, he was appreciated and admired by King Abdulaziz, who was keen on educating his people, training them and granting them scholarships. Therefore, Abdullah Al-Turaiqi was one of the first scholarship students sent to America to obtain a masters degree in Geology. During his time in the USA, he married an American girl called Elinor Ramnitz and had his first male child, whom he named Sakhr. He also married a Lebanese woman named Maha Junblat, with whom he had a girl named Haya.
Verification of issues in Islamic jurisprudence: Concept and Controls
This research deals with the verification of issues in Islamic jurisprudence, which is one of the important topics for the practitioner of Islamic jurisprudence, through which the jurist can reach the correct judgement on emerging issues, and this requires patience in issuing judgments, and that the verification process takes a deep understanding of reality and the jurisprudence of the Sharia. The study is in four sections: the first section covers jurisprudential differences, the second section deals with the meaning of verification of issues in Islamic jurisprudence, the third deals with the controls in the verification of issues in Islamic jurisprudence, and the fourth section lists two applications to the verification of issues in Islamic jurisprudence, viz., the issue of the revocation of ablution by touching women, and the legitimacy of demonstrations demanding rights and the lifting of injustice.
Separation between sentence syntax and text syntax
This research shows the paradox in the study of the phenomenon of separation between the elements of the structure between each of the sentence and the text syntax, and how to invest this phenomenon in the coherence of the text, the research has been divided into two requirements: The first requirement: separation from the perspective of the sentence syntax. The second requirement: separation from the perspective of the text syntax.
Contribution of livelihood projects to improving the level of social and economic life of poor families in EL-Fashir locality – Sudan.
The study aimed to identified the contribution of livelihood projects in improving the level of social and economic life of poor families in EL-Fashir locality– Sudan. The study applied in (153) families that have beneficiated form livelihood projects Purposeful sample was (43) families. In the study used descriptive analytical methodology (sample survey system), and data collected by using questionnaire tool. And processed use (SPSS) program. The study recommended to several results, most important which are: That livelihood projects contributed to improving the social and economic level of poor families in EL- Fashir locality. Study recommended, the experiences of livelihood should be generalizing in other local communities in Sudan, and should be connected with social institutions. In addition, spearing the culture awareness about importance of livelihood that it`s best way to fight poor among the families.
Prophetic supplication directed to non-Muslims Collect and study
This study is entitled: (Prophetic supplication directed to nonMuslims), and this study aimed to clarify the confusion that many people fall into regarding equality between Muslims and non-Muslims with regard to supplication for them, and to shed light on the position of the Sunnah of the Prophet regarding supplication for non-Muslims, and to define the concepts and separate the similarities between the terms that were studied in this research. In order to achieve these goals, the research followed the descriptive, inductive, analytical approach, and this problem is evident through answering the following questions: What is the position of the Sunnah regarding supplication for nonMuslims? The following questions branch out from this: What is the concept of supplication in language and terminology? What is meant by non-Muslims in light of Islamic law? What is the position of the Sunnah regarding supplication for worldly benefits for non-Muslims? What is the position of the Sunnah regarding supplication for mercy and good fortune for non-Muslims? The study reached a set of results, perhaps the most important of which is: It is not permissible to ask forgiveness for the infidel or to have mercy on him by consensus, and it is not permissible to pray against a person that God deprives him of guidance or causes him to die in disbelief, and praying for guidance for the combatant is permissible, and it is permissible for the peaceful, and praying against the combatant or harmful infidel is permissible, and it is permissible for the non-combatant, and there is nothing wrong with praying for the infidel in worldly matters for an apparent reason, such as winning him over and encouraging him to Islam, or because of his kinship and kindness
Combining the Grammatical construction and syntactic Meaning for Teaching Grammar to Arabic Language Learners as a Second Language
The title of the research is "Combining the Grammatical construction with syntactic Meaning for Teaching Grammar to Arabic Language Learners as a Second Language." The present research has expressed that it is very important to link both the grammatical rule with the semantic meaning in the process of teaching Arabic grammar to those students Who are learning Arabic as a second language. This is based on the concept of fully understanding the meaning, not just the grammatical structure rule. This is because their curriculum is based on connecting all language skills: listening, speaking, reading, and writing. The research presented examples from the lesson on introducing the object from the book series "Arabic Between Your Hands" and subjected them to semantic analysis alongside the syntactic rule. It identified a set of purposes for introduction, such as care and attention, honor, specification, reproach, denial, elaboration, and consideration of good arrangement. I do believe that a reconsideration of the teaching of grammar as a whole should be based on this approach of "combining syntactic structure with semantic meaning," and curricula should be structured accordingly so that they are easily accessible and that the desired benefit is achieved, allowing the student to embody both the semantic meaning and the syntactic rule together.
The Maritime Journey in the Poetry of Ali Mahmoud Taha Descriptive Analytical Study
This research addresses the maritime journey in the poetry of the Egyptian poet Ali Mahmoud Taha by examining several poetry collections in which his poems are distinguished by a great imaginative ability, focusing on emotion, and characterized by sweet lyricism; and it is no wonder, as he is a product of a captivating environment that has shaped his sensibility with a romantic inclination that has overshadowed his experience, marked it with uniqueness, and enriched it, after it was colored with an artistic harmony that is unmistakable to the recipient's eye. The research discusses in its introduction the general theoretical features of the maritime journey poem in Ali Mahmoud's poetry and traces the influential romantic dimension in its structure, as this dimension distinguishes the experience and marks it with artistic characteristics that are the secret of the quality in the poet's experience. The research adopts a descriptive-analytical approach, as it works to explore the depths of the text and relies on observation, inference, and analysis to reach conclusions. The research concludes that the maritime journey poem in the poet's work reveals his deep connection to the sea and shows the impact of this on his psychological formation. It also expresses the power of his imagery and skill in utilizing the elements of the poem's construction, and its quality to such a degree that it makes him one of the most important poets of navigational nature, in addition to the fact that the maritime journey for him represents a poetic heritage that grants his poetry a distinctiveness and adds many dimensions to his experience
Fathelrahman Mohamed Ahmed Algaal Algaal
Prophetic foresight of the science of artificial intelligence and its importance in the present era, Communications and transportation as an example
The science of artificial intelligence is one of the modern sciences that has emerged recently and has become the focus of industrial, urban, economic, military and civilizational competition in the world, This study, which links it to prophetic forward-looking texts, attempts to know its legitimacy, goals, benefits, dangers, the nature of its work, and how to Islamize it to benefit from it in the service of religion and life together, It contains three sections, each section has several topics: The first section focuses on explaining the concept of foresight and artificial intelligence and its importance, The second section was devoted to the Prophets foresight of the prosperity of modern scientific sciences and the spread of their smart inventions in the field of communications, transportation, and others, and The third section focuses on mentioning some indicators in the field of transportation that prove the sincerity of the prophetic forecast for it, Using the inductive, analytical, descriptive, and deductive approach to derive religious and civilizational rules Which shows the legitimacy of the science of artificial intelligence and the areas of its use and employment for the benefit of religion and the world And employing it for the benefit of religion and the world through modern scientific methods that help the Islamic nation achieve servitude to God and succession on earth, and enable it to walk in the ranks of global civilization with strength, pride and dignity.
Exclamation (An applied study of Exclamation in the Prophetic Hadith. A Case study of the Book of Tribulations and Signs of the in Hour Sahih Al-Imam Muslim)
The research aims to study exclamation in the Prophetic Hadiths specifically, in the Book of Tribulations and Signs of the Hour in Sahih Al-Imam Muslim. The researcher adopts descriptive analytical approach, organizing the study into an introduction and two main sections: one for defining the theoretical framework of the research, and another on the style of exclamation in the sample of the research. The study concludes with a summary of the key findings and a bibliography of references and sources consulted . Among the most prominent findings of the research are that the sample did not include the use of standard forms of exclamation, that the style of exclamation utilized in the Hadiths is an auditory exclamation style, and that the auditory exclamation forms are not mentioned in the section on exclamations but are scattered throughout various chapters on grammar .
Foundations of Prosody According to Abdullah al-Tayib in His Book "The Guide to Understanding Arabic Poetry"
This research delves into the foundations of prosody as established by Abdullah al-Tayib in his book "The Guide to Understanding Arabic Poetry and Its Craft." The researcher presents al-Tayib's method of teaching prosody to learners, a method that aimed primarily at cultivating a refined taste for poetic meters in students by training their ears and senses to appreciate the music of Arabic meters. Al-Tayib adopted a unique approach, providing examples of meters, presenting evidence, and focusing on the suitability of each meter for specific poetic themes and meanings through carefully selected poetic examples. He delved into the study of these examples, drawing the learner's attention to the beauty of their prosodic structures and the appropriateness of these meters for poetic themes such as praise, boasting, elegy, satire, and others. Moreover, he criticized certain poems based on the principle of each meter's suitability for a specific meaning. His criticism was directed at the approach of prosody that followed the methods of grammarians, leading them to postulate meters without corresponding textual evidence and to proliferate terminology as a result.
Case Ending Infelctional Marker Semantic Impact on Speaker's Intention
This study investigates the significance of inflectional markers in conveying the speaker's intention, using selected models that demonstrate this phenomenon without exhaustively examining the evidence. These models are common and consistent, sourced from usage or narration within linguistic accomplishments, and resist rigid analysis. These models are characterized by being evolved structurally and can change in a word or two, altering the inflectional markers or allowing for multiple interpretations. Changes in these markers can alter the meaning of speech and indicate the speaker's intention, focusing on overt case ending inflectional markers. The study main findings that case ending inflectional markers had a significant impact on conveying the speaker's intention. Declensions for some words within linguistic structures can bear one or more grammatical directions. Understanding the speaker's intention relies on the prior understanding by both parties of these precise directions, assumed by them to be surrounding them before the discourse takes place, known as linguistic competence. A negative factor affecting the understanding of the speaker's intention through morpho-syntactic inflectional markers was the discrepancy in linguistic competence between the speaker and the listener. Restricting oneself to certain suntactic possibilities while neglecting others is presumed to hinder comprehension, which is the ultimate goal of verbal communication.
The Spanish state’s policy towards the Mudéjar Muslims in Andalusia,( 609 -897 AH/ 1212- 1492 AD)
The research dealt with the policy of the Christian Spanish state towards the Mudéjar Muslims in Andalusia following the collapse of the Andalusian Islamic state at the beginning of the seventh century AH (13 AD), and how the Christian forces consisting of the kingdoms of Castile, Aragon, Leon, and Portugal took control of the Andalusian Islamic lands, with the exception of the Kingdom of Granada, and the Muslims turned from rulers into Third-class citizens, and the Spanish state applied to them a policy of injustice, persecution, and systematic Christianiz…
Pragmatic Representations in Arabic Rhetorical Studies The Interrogative Chapter in Al-Qazwini’s Al-Idah as a Model
This study attempts to provide an analysis of Arabic rhetorical studies through the lens of the modern theory of representation, focusing on the pragmatic aspects of this field. The study is guided by the following question: Does the theory of representation have the ability to provide a useful analysis of rhetorical studies by utilizing the pragmatic dimension of the application process? The significance of this study lies in its pioneering use of the theory of representation in analyzing Arabic texts. Although it focuses on a scientific text in the field of Arabic rhetoric, it is a necessary step to demonstrate the feasibility of this approach in studying Arabic texts in general. Future studies, God willing, will expand to include literary texts . The study aims to: 1-Define the term "representation" in a manner consistent with its new application in rhetorical studies, according to pragmatic principles . 2-Illustrate the sensory representations in the interrogation chapter by Al-Qazwini and their use in enriching Arabic rhetorical studies. 3-Identify some forms of mental representation in the interrogation chapter by AlQazwini and their role in producing literary meaning in the text. The study is structured into an introduction and two main sections, preceded by this preface as follows: - Preface: Outlines the theoretical foundations of the study and defines the concepts of representation and pragmatics. - First Section: Examines realistic sensory representation (imagery) . -Second Section: Explores mental abstract representation (imagination) . The study reached two main conclusions, summarized as follows : 1-Establishing the foundation for using the theory of representation in a pragmatic manner in studying Arabic rhetorical texts. 2-The representations derived from the studied text are categorized into two main axes: 1-Sensory representations 2-Mental representations
Differential Item Functioning of the Mindfulness Scale Items by Gender Using the Rating Scale Model within Item Response Theory Framework among Students at Taiz and Aden Universities
This study aimed to detect differential item functioning (DIF) of the Mindfulness Scale items by gender using the Rating Scale Model (RSM) within the framework of Item Response Theory (IRT), and to examine the model-data fit. The study adopted a descriptive psychometric design. The scale was administered to a main sample of 709 male and female students from Taiz and Aden Universities, following verification of the instrument’s preliminary psychometric properties on a pilot sample. To achieve the study objectives, the assumptions of the Rating Scale Model were verified, and item-model fit was examined using Chi-Square fit statistic. Item difficulty parameters and step difficulty parameters were estimated, and marginal reliability and the test information function were computed. Differential item functioning was detected using the likelihood ratio test. Results confirmed that the assumptions of the Rating Scale Model were met and that the scale data adequately fit the model. Thirty out of thirty-four items demonstrated acceptable fit indices, whereas four items failed to meet acceptable fit criteria according to the Chi-Square statistic. Furthermore, results revealed DIF in only two items, while the remaining items showed no significant DIF by gender. These findings support the validity of the Mindfulness Scale for use with students at Taiz and Aden Universities and provide additional evidence of its sound psychometric properties and measurement fairness.
Ummayyed Efforts in the Development of Public Services and Facilities in the City of the Prophet - The Prophet's Mosque as a Model
The city of the Prophet was the first capital of Islam. It is from Medina that the Prophet (PBUH) and three of his caliphs (Al-Sideeg, Al-Faroog and Othman) (May Allah be pleased with them) administered the state. During the reign of Ali bin Abi Talib, May Allah be pleased with him, the city ceased to be the capital of the state. In fact, during the Umayyad era, the city witnessed bloody events and as a result, it became the center for the opponents of the Umayyad rule. However, throughout the period of their rule, Umayyad cared about the city and provided many services. The city of the Prophet was not marginalized because of the opposition. In this period, the city witnessed great developments in the general services, pilgrims' care, good planning of facilities and buildings. The Umayyad took good care of mosques, of citizens, and of the guests of the city. They also attracted students and honored its scholars.
The Role of Digital Education Economics in Supporting the Transition towards a Knowledge Society: A Case Study of Taiz University
This study aims to investigate the role of digital education economics in supporting the transition toward a knowledge society at Taiz University. The study adopted the descriptive-analytical approach, using a questionnaire administered to a stratified sample of faculty members, and the data were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods. The results showed that the level of digital education economics was below the benchmark mean (3), with a mean score of (2.80) and a relative weight of (56%), reflecting shortcomings in funding aspects and digital infrastructure. In contrast, the level of transition toward a knowledge society exceeded the benchmark mean, with a mean score of (3.80), a standard deviation of (0.405), and a relative weight of (76%), indicating a partial but incomplete transition. The obstacles dimension recorded a high level (3.99) with a relative weight of (79.9%), indicating structural, organizational, and technical challenges that limit the effectiveness of digital education. The findings also revealed a weak and statistically non-significant correlation between digital education economics and the transition toward a knowledge society (R = 0.161, R² = 0.026). No statistically significant differences were found in the digital education economics dimension attributable to gender and faculty, whereas significant differences were found in the transition toward a knowledge society dimension attributable to academic rank and years of experience, in favor of assistant professors and those with less experience (less than ten years).
The Impact of War on the Educational and Social Systems in Yemen: A Sociological Study
and social systems by investigating its effects on the matrix of interpersonal relationships at the individual, family, and community levels. To achieve its objectives, the study employed a descriptive survey approach through a review of international relevant documents, reports, and studies. It also adopted a qualitative approach using in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with a purposive sample of participants from both inside and outside Yemen. The findings revealed a significant shift in priorities from quality academic education toward the acquisition of short-term practical skills or participation in the armed conflict as a means of survival. The study also showed a decline in the family's protective and educational roles, accompanied by the emergence of family-related crimes and forced family disintegration. Furthermore, it highlighted ideological divisions resulting from parallel educational curricula, an educational identity crisis, and a growing disengagement from the humanities. The study recommends safeguarding educational institutions and curricula from political conflict, restoring the status of the humanities to rebuild collective consciousness, strengthening social protection programs that support the family as a key educational institution, promoting media initiatives to reduce hate speech and regionalism, and intensifying efforts to end the war as an essential necessity for curbing the spread of social problems that have become embedded in society and reinforced through modified curricula, making them increasingly difficult to address over time .